Sociology is a science that comprehends society, its unified system and individual social castes, revealing the relationships between people and the laws that affect certain situations in life. The term "fashionable" was first introduced at the beginning of the 19th century by the outstanding philosopher of the century - Auguste Comte. The 20th century, rich in inventions and the expansion of thought, opened up new possibilities for the study of society: sociology was divided into certain sectors: sociology of the family, sociology of law, sociological polls, etc. According to historical records, on November 14, 1901, the Russian Higher School of Sociology and Social Sciences was opened in France. Lectures in it were given by the most talented sociologists of the country (Russia). Maybe that’s why November 14th was an occasion to celebrate the day of the sociologist.
The idea to create a diabetes day belongs to the International Diabetes Federation. In 1922, Canadian scientist Frederick Bunting first made an injection of insulin that saved the life of a teenager. November 14th is Bunting’s birthday. That is why, in honor of the scientist, the Federation arranged a holiday on this day.
November 14, the birthday of Nehru, the first prime minister of sovereign India, is celebrated locally as Children's Day. The rulers of the state appeal to the general public in order to convey to their parents - to educate their children in the spirit of patriotism, so that the next generation loves their country and at any time can stand up for it, have self-esteem, believe in their strengths and capabilities. The statesman Nehru was very fond of children and believed that they are the source of life, energy, warmth, love, inspiration, and the country's future lies entirely on their shoulders, so society should develop children to the maximum. On this day, in many cities of India, various children's educational games, competitions and contests are organized, voluntary donations are made in favor of orphans and street children, as well as various sociological surveys to study the situation of children in the state.
GIS - geographic information systems. A number of large geographic communities around the world decided to introduce a professional holiday - GIS Day, which is becoming increasingly popular and covers new countries every year. On this day, various organizations organize various geographic exhibitions, seminars and open door days. Everyone can participate in events - from schoolchildren to old people, because it’s never too late for anyone to learn something new about the structure of our Planet.
National Indian holiday, held in honor of the rise of Govardhan Hill by Krishna. On November 14, residents of Indian settlements traditionally build small mounds of cow droppings, decorate them with flowers and worship the imitation of Govardhana, saying prayers. And after - the holiday is accompanied by costumed dances and songs.
Kuzminki
November 14, two brothers are honored - St. Cosmas and St. Damian. They lived at the turn of the 3rd and 4th centuries, were brought up in an incomplete family by a single mother. From childhood, the boys decided that they would help people, and, having learned the skill of healing, they walked around the world and healed the sick. The brothers did not take payments from the poor, so they were called nicknameless.
"Kuzminki - Autumn Wake" - our ancestors expressed themselves and prepared for the onset of a harsh winter. Saints Cosmas and Damian were personified with the keepers of the family hearth and considered the patrons of artisans. With Kuzminki girls began to spin wool and knit warm clothes for the winter. Also on this day, unmarried girls gathered together in a free hut, set the table and invited young bachelors. Youth gatherings, as a rule, lasted until the morning. And after that, young people went to steal chickens.
Another interesting custom is connected with chicken: people arranged a real “chicken” exchange for Kuzminki - the rich gave poultry to poor relatives, and the peasants gave the nobles. Such chickens were not killed - their eggs were considered medicinal. November 14 drew attention to signs. If snow falls during the day, it means that large floods were expected in the spring. The leaves remaining on the trees indicated that the next winter would be frosty.
November 14, 1880 - opening of the Pasteur Institute in Paris
Louis Pasteur, a well-known microbiologist and creator of the rabies vaccine, was appointed the first director of the institute, which is currently one of the leaders in the study of viral diseases. The most important discoveries of the century were made within the walls of the institute. Vaccines for many diseases were found here: rabies, tetanus, polio, yellow fever, flu, plague, etc. Here, scientists first discovered and tested the human immunodeficiency virus. At the beginning of the 20th century, several Russian scientists working at the Pasteur Institute were awarded the Nobel Prize for achievements in the fields of medicine, virology, and physiology.
November 14, 1936 - Establishment of the Central Weather Institute
In Moscow in 1930, by order of the government, the Central Weather Bureau was established, and in 1936 it was reorganized into the Central Weather Institute, where research works in the field of hydrometeorological forecasts are concentrated. The tasks of the Hydrometeorological Center are to obtain information about natural phenomena, predict the behavior of the ocean-land-atmosphere system, and also to provide the population with hydrometeorological information in a timely manner.
November 14, 1989 - adoption by the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the Declaration on the Recognition of Repressive Acts against Peoples as Unlawful and Criminal
The peoples who suffered during the years of Soviet power from cruel accusations of complicity with the enemies and deported from their native lands, attracted close attention from the authorities only during the perestroika period. As you know, from the pre-war period, the mass deportation of people began in the USSR. Her victims were Kurds, Poles, Buryats, Koreans and many other nations. And after the Great Patriotic War, people accused of complicity with the enemies were exiled to Siberia, Kazakhstan and a number of other eastern regions. More than three million people are repressed on a national basis, starting from the forties and ending with the 1961st. In the late 1950s, mass rehabilitation of the affected peoples began. It gained full strength only in the late 1980s, when the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted the Declaration "On the recognition of unlawful and criminal repressive acts against peoples who underwent forced resettlement, and on their restoration in all rights."
In 1901, Karl Landsteiner - an outstanding Viennese physician - divided the blood into the corresponding groups: A, B and O.
In 1907, Russia launched the Third State Duma.
In 1935, the Philippines declared a free state.
In 1961, the first lung transplant operation took place in Europe.
In 1970, the USSR joined the International Civil Aviation Organization.
Robert Fulton (1765-1815) - a famous inventor, created the first ship. The first watercraft was invented at age 12. Fulton was also fond of assembling fireworks, weapons, he loved to draw and plotted. After studying, the young man left for England and began to study architecture. In 1800 he created the first model of a submarine, and three years later he tested his first ship.
Claude Monet (1840-1926) - famous French artist, founder of impressionism. Monet was fascinated by painting from childhood, especially versed in caricatures. Monet called the first picture in the style of impressionism "The Rising Sun." This was followed by a series of successful works that determined the artist's popularity and survived to this day.
Frederick Bunting (1891-1941) - prominent Canadian physiologist. Bunting became famous for his ability to research an important stage in the treatment of diabetes and develop insulin for internal administration, which saved the lives of thousands of people with this insidious disease. For the "discovery of insulin" the doctor in 1923 received the Nobel Prize.
Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) - politician and first prime minister of sovereign India. Nehru received a full-fledged legal education and after university began working in a law office. He was keenly concerned about the independence of India. In 1927, Nehru became the chairman of the INC party, in 1946 he achieved the status of vice-premier of the Provisional Government of India, and after declaring India an independent state, Jawaharlal Nehru leads the government.
William Steig (1907-2003) - American children's writer and artist. During his creative life, Steig wrote about thirty children's works. His books are still popular in many countries and are translated into various languages. The main theme of the works of Steig is the theme of the family, the eternal problem of fathers and children, but, as you know, the outcome in the novels is always safe, and in the books of Steig the children find understanding on the part of their parents.
Representatives of the following names will celebrate "Angel Day" (name day) on November 14: Alexander, Adrian, Denis, David, Dmitry, Ivan, Elizabeth, Sergey, Kuzma and Fedor.
